Intel 14th Gen Core RaptorLake-Refresh (i7 14700K(F)) Review & Benchmarks – Hybrid Top-End Performance

What is “RaptorLake-Refresh”? It is the “next-generation” (14th gen) Core architecture, refreshing the current “RaptorLake” (13th gen) and thus the 4th generation “hybrid” (aka “big.LITTLE”) arch that Intel has released. As before, it combines big/P(erformant) “Core” cores with LITTLE/E(fficient) “Atom” cores in a single package and covers everything from desktops, … Read more…

AVX10: A big improvement for x64 vectorisation but it’s not ARM SVE

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What is AVX10? It is a unification of current AVX (Advanced Vector eXtension) instruction sets (ISA) into a new version-based standard that is width-independent (i.e. applies to any width from 128, 256 and 512-bit). This allows different CPU cores (e.g. Atom, Core, Xeon, etc.) to use the same instruction set … Read more…

APX (Advanced Performance eXtensions): Talk in a decade or so

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What is APX? It is a future update to the x64 (EM64T/AMD64) architecture (ISA) by Intel called “Advanced Performance eXtensions” that proposes: 32 vs. 16 64-bit general purpose registers (GPP) [aka 2x current] 3-operand instruction format conditional (aka predicated) instructions optimised register save/restore instructions As it is a somewhat fundamental … Read more…

Intel 13th Gen Core RaptorLake (i9 13900K(F)) Review & Benchmarks – Hybrid Top-End Performance

What is “RaptorLake”? It is the “next-generation” (13th gen) Core architecture, replacing the current “AlderLake” (12th gen) and thus the 3rd generation “hybrid” (aka “big.LITTLE”) arch that Intel has released. As before it combines big/P(erformant) “Core” cores with LITTLE/E(fficient) “Atom” cores in a single package and covers everything from desktops, … Read more…

Intel 13th Gen Core RaptorLake (i5 13600K(F)) Review & Benchmarks – Mid-Range Hybrid

What is “RaptorLake”? It is the “next-generation” (13th gen) Core architecture, replacing the current “AlderLake” (12th gen) and thus the 3rd generation “hybrid” (aka “big.LITTLE”) arch that Intel has released. As before it combines big/P(erformant) “Core” cores with LITTLE/E(fficient) “Atom” cores in a single package and covers everything from desktops, … Read more…

Intel 13th Gen Core AlderLake-Refresh (i5 13400) Review & Benchmarks – Value Hybrid Efficiency

What is “RaptorLake”? It is the “next-generation” (13th gen) Core architecture, replacing the current “AlderLake” (12th gen) and thus the 3rd generation “hybrid” (aka “big.LITTLE”) arch that Intel has released. As before it combines big/P(erformant) “Core” cores with LITTLE/E(fficient) “Atom” cores in a single package and covers everything from desktops, … Read more…

What Intel needs is SVE-like variable width SIMD-AVX to solve hybrid problem

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What are AVX, AVX512? AVX or “Advanced Vector eXtensions” is a family of SIMD instructions on x86/x64 that have expanded the old SSE/2 (Streaming SIMD Extensions) that themselves have extended/expanded the original SIMD x86 instruction set: MMX (Multi-Media eXtensions). AVX2 increases the width to 256-bit while AVX512 increases the width … Read more…

big/LITTLE cores Performance Analysis – AlderLake to RaptorLake and beyond

What are “AlderLake”, “RaptorLake”? It is the current (12th gen) Core architecture – soon to be replaced by “RaptorLake” (RPL 13th gen) – that replaced the short-lived “RocketLake” (RKL “real” 10th gen aka ICL) that finally replaced the many, many “Skylake” (SKL) derivative architectures (6th-10th “fake” gen). It is the … Read more…

Intel Xeon W9 HEDT Sapphire Rapids Preview & Benchmarks

What is “Sapphire Rapids”? It is the “next-generation” Xeon (big Core-X) architecture, replacing the “Ice Lake X” / “Cascade Lake X” arch on HEDT platform. It consists only of big/P(erformant) gen 12 “Alder Lake X” cores (without any LITTLE/E(fficient) “Atom” cores) thus it is not a hybrid design. While mainly … Read more…

SiSoftware Sandra 20/21-R13c – Whitley, ElkhartLake & Future Server Platforms

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Note: R13c, R13b and R13a have replaced original R13 with additional fixes and work-arounds. We are pleased to release R13c (version 31.91) update for Sandra 20/21 with the following changes: Sandra 20/21 Press Release We are releasing more server hardware updates and fixes for existing Intel “Whitley”/”Ice Lake” ICL-SP, Intel … Read more…

Intel ARC (“Alchemist”) A380 GP-GPU Graphics – OpenCL Performance

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What is “Alchemist”? Is is the 2nd generation Intel discrete (DG2) graphics – based on the Xe arch that originally powered the integrated graphics of mobile (Xe-LP) processors from Gen 10 (“TigerLake” TGL) onwards. Intel did launch a limited desktop DG1 product as well as a limited server/workstation Xe-HP compute … Read more…

big/Performance Core Performance Analysis (Intel 12th Gen Core AlderLake (i9-12900K))

What is “AlderLake”? It is the “next-generation” (12th) Core architecture – replacing the short-lived “RocketLake” (RKL) that finally replaced the many, many “Skylake” (SKL) derivative architectures (6th-10th). It is the 1st mainstream “hybrid” arch – i.e. combining big/P(erformant) “Core” cores with LITTLE/E(fficient) “Atom” cores in a single package. While in … Read more…

Intel 11th Gen Core RocketLake – Cache & Memory Performance (2x DDR4-3200)

What is “RocketLake”? It is the desktop/workstation version of the true “next generation” Core (gen 10+) architecture – finally replacing the ageing “Skylake (SKL)” arch and its many derivatives that are still with us (“CometLake (CML)”, etc.). It is a combination of the “IceLake (ICL)” CPU cores launched about a … Read more…

Intel 11th Gen Core RocketLake AVX512 Performance Improvement vs AVX2/FMA3

What is AVX512? AVX512 (Advanced Vector eXtensions) is the 512-bit SIMD instruction set that follows from previous 256-bit AVX2/FMA3/AVX instruction set. Originally introduced by Intel with its “Xeon Phi” GPGPU accelerators – albeit in a somewhat different form – it has finally made it to its desktop CPU lines with … Read more…